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The Wild Hunt is a European folk myth involving a ghostly or supernatural group of huntsmen passing in wild pursuit. The hunters may be either elves or fairies or the dead,〔Katharine M.Briggs, ''An Encyclopedia of Fairies, Hobgoblins, Brownies, Boogies, and Other Supernatural Creatures'', ''s.v.'' "Wild Hunt", p 437. ISBN 0-394-73467-X. Katherine M. Briggs, ''The Fairies in English Tradition and Literature'', pp 49–50 University of Chicago Press, London, 1967〕 and the leader of the hunt is often a named figure associated with Woden〔 (or other reflections of the same god, such as Alemannic ''Wuodan'' in ''Wuotis Heer'' ("Wuodan's Army") of Central Switzerland, Swabia etc.), but may variously be a historical or legendary figure like Theodoric the Great, the Danish king Valdemar Atterdag, the Welsh psychopomp Gwyn ap Nudd, biblical figures such as Herod, Cain, Gabriel or the Devil, or an unidentified lost soul or spirit either male or female. Seeing the Wild Hunt was thought to presage some catastrophe such as war or plague, or at best the death of the one who witnessed it.〔See, for example, ''Chambers's Encyclopaedia'', 1901, ''s.v.'' "Wild Hunt": "(Hounds )...portend death or calamity to the house over which they hang"; "the cry of the Seven Whistlers... a death omen".〕 People encountering the Hunt might also be abducted to the underworld or the fairy kingdom.〔A girl who saw Wild Edric's Ride was warned by her father to put her apron over her head to avoid the sight.Katharine Briggs, ''An Encyclopedia of Fairies, Hobgoblins, Brownies, Boogies, and Other Supernatural Creatures'', "Infringement of fairy privacy", p 233. ISBN 0-394-73467-X〕 In some instances, it was also believed that people's spirits could be pulled away during their sleep to join the cavalcade.〔Ronald Hutton, ''The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their Nature and Legacy'', p 307, ISBN 0-631-18946-7〕 The concept was developed based on comparative mythology by Jacob Grimm in ''Deutsche Mythologie'' (1835) as a folkloristic survival of Germanic pagan tradition, but comparable folk myths are found throughout Northern, Western and Central Europe.〔Schön, Ebbe. (2004). ''Asa-Tors hammare, Gudar och jättar i tro och tradition'' (Fält & Hässler, Värnamo). ISBN 91-89660-41-2 pp. 201–205.〕 Grimm popularised the term ''Wilde Jagd'' ("Wild Hunt") for the phenomenon. ==Comparative evidence and terminology== Based on the comparative approach based on German folklore, the phenomenon is often referred to as ''Wilde Jagd'' (German: "wild hunt/chase") or ''Wildes Heer'' (German: "wild host"). In Germany, where it was also known as the "Wild Army", or "Furious Army", its leader was given various identities, including Wodan (or "Woden"), Knecht Ruprecht (cf. Krampus), Berchtold (or Berchta), and Holda (or "Holle"). The Wild Hunt is also known from post-medieval folklore. In England, it was known as ''Herlaþing'' (Old English: "Herla's assembly"), ''Woden's Hunt'', ''Herod's Hunt'', ''Cain's Hunt'',〔"In the Middle Ages the wild hunt was also called Cain's hunt, Cain being another progenitor of the Wandering Jew": Venetia Newall, "The Jew as a witch figure", in Katharine Mary Briggs, and Newall, eds. ''The Witch Figure: Folklore Essays by a Group of Scholars in England'' 2004:103f.〕 the ''Devil's Dandy Dogs'' (in Cornwall),〔(Encyclopaedia of the Celts: Devil's Dandy Dogs – Diuran the Rhymer ).〕 ''Gabriel's Hounds'' (in northern England),〔Called so in the north of England, according to Robert Chambers, ''The Book of Days: a miscellany of popular antiquities'', vol. II, 1883, ''s.v.'' "October 11: Spectre-dogs"; "...He oftentimes will start, For overhead, are sweeping Gabriel's Hounds, Doomed, with their impious lord, the flying hart To chase for ever through aërial grounds," (William Wordsworth), "Though narrow be that old man's cares" (1807), quoted in (Edwin Sidney Hartland ''English Fairy and Other Folk Tales'', 1890, "Spectre-Dogs" ); "Gabriel's hounds are wild geese, so called because their sound in flight is like a pack of hounds in full cry", observes Robert Hendrickson, in ''Salty Words'', 1984:78.〕 ''Ghost Riders'' (in North America), In Wales, a comparable folk myth is known as ''Cŵn Annwn'' (Welsh: "hounds of Annwn"). In Scandinavia, the Wild Hunt is known as ''Oskoreia'' or ''Åsgårdsreia'' (originally oskurreia) (Norwegian: "noisy riders", "The Ride of Asgard"),〔The origin of this name is uncertain, and the reference to Asgard is reckoned to be a corruption by some scholars (a Dano-Norwegian misinterpretation).〕 ''Odens jakt'' or ''Vilda jakten'' (Swedish: "the hunt of Odin" or "wild hunt"). In France, it was known as ''Mesnée d'Hellequin'' (Old North French: "household of ''Hellequin''"). In West Slavic Central Europe it is known as ''divoký hon'' or ''štvaní'' (Czech: "wild hunt", "baiting"), ''Dziki Gon'' or ''Dziki Łów'' (Polish), Other reflections of the same folk myth are found in Slovenia as''divja jaga'', meaning "the wild hunting party" or "wild hunt" in Slovene; ''Caccia Morta'' (Dead hunt) or ''Caccia selvaggia'' (wild hunt) in Italian; ''Estantiga'' (from ''Hoste Antiga'', Galician: "the old army"), ''Hostia'', ''Compaña'' and ''Santa Compaña'' ("troop, company") in Galicia, ''Güestia'' in Asturias, ''Hueste de Ánimas'' ("troop of ghosts") in León and ''Hueste de Guerra'' ("war company") or ''Cortejo de Gente de Muerte'' ("deadly retinue") in Extremadura. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wild Hunt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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